PHMSA Publishes "Mega" Rule After Nearly A Decade of Work
BILLINGS, Mont. (AP) — U.S. transportation officials on Tuesday adopted long-delayed measures that are meant to prevent pipeline spills and deadly gas explosions but don't address recommended steps to lessen accidents once they occur.
The new rule from the Department of Transportation referred to in the industry as the "Mega" rule, applies to more than 500,000 miles of pipelines that carry natural gas, oil and other hazardous materials throughout the U.S.
In the works for almost a decade, the rules came in response to a massive gas explosion in San Bruno, California, that killed eight people in 2010, and large oil spills into Michigan's Kalamazoo River in 2010 and the Yellowstone River in Montana in 2011 and 2015.
The initial rule that was proposed was so large, the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) decided to break the rule into three parts.
The gas transmission rule requires operators of gas transmission pipelines constructed before 1970 to determine the material strength of their lines by reconfirming the Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure (MAOP). In addition, the rule updates reporting and records retention standards for gas transmission pipelines.
The hazardous liquid rule encourages operators to make better use of all available data to understand pipeline safety threats and extends leak detection requirements to all non-gathering hazardous liquid pipelines. In addition, the rule requires operators to inspect affected pipelines following an extreme weather event or natural disaster so they may address any resulting damage.
The “Enhanced Emergency Order Procedures” final rule adopts the provisions of a 2016 interim final rule (IFR) which established temporary emergency order procedures in accordance with a provision of the “Protecting our Infrastructure of Pipelines and Enhancing Safety Act of 2016” (PIPES Act). An emergency order may impose emergency restrictions, prohibitions, or other safety measures on owners and operators of gas or hazardous liquid pipeline facilities.
Left unaddressed were longstanding recommendations by safety officials to install valves that automatically shut down pipelines following accidents. Also absent were requirements for more advanced systems to detect pipeline ruptures.
Those issues were being addressed through a separate, ongoing rule-making process.
Industry groups and safety advocates backed the adopted changes. In February, they joined to prod PHMSA to finalize the rule for gas transmission lines after it had been repeatedly delayed.
"It doesn't seem to us like any of those rules should have taken 10 years to pass ... Everybody thinks these are common-sense, small regulations," said Carl Weimer with the Pipeline Safety Trust, a Bellingham, Washington-based group that formed after a 1999 gasoline pipeline break and explosion killed a teenager and two 10-year-old boys.
While the rules were pending, pipeline companies moved on their own to make safety improvements such as developing guidelines for identifying and repairing cracked lines and responding to pipeline emergencies, according to the Association of Oil Pipelines.
Federal regulators are expected to soon release their proposals for pipeline shut-off valves and rupture detection equipment. A separate proposal due sometime next year would extend safety regulations to so-called gathering pipelines that transport natural gas from drilling locations.
Congress also is considering changes to the government's pipeline safety rules through legislation that would re-authorize the program for the next four years.
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